The European Space Agency (ESA) has released an eye-opening pair of new photos that show a massive crater of water ice on Mars. The crater measures 51 miles (83km) across and contains a 1.1-mile-thick (1.8km) mount of water ice all year round.
The ESA estimates that the crater contains 528 cubic miles (2,200 cubic kilometers) of water ice.
The composite photos of Korolev crater were captured by the Mars Express High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) over a series of orbits around the Red Planet earlier in 2018 (starting at the beginning of April). During each of the orbits, the camera captured a strip of imagery. Five such strips were combined to create the two photos.
For those of you asking – yes it is water ice.
Mars Express first detected water on #Mars in 2004, see our release at the time https://t.co/oAY2Qj0U5N. More recently, the spacecraft detected liquid water under the planet’s south pole, see: https://t.co/JnglOBBt3o https://t.co/J0h3ZfYpXF
— ESA (@esa) December 21, 2018
“This ever-icy presence is due to an interesting phenomenon known as a ‘cold trap’, which occurs as the name suggests,” the ESA writes. “The crater’s floor is deep, lying some two kilometers vertically beneath its rim. The very deepest parts of Korolev crater, those containing ice, act as a natural cold trap: the air moving over the deposit of ice cools down and sinks, creating a layer of cold air that sits directly above the ice itself.
“Behaving as a shield, this layer helps the ice remain stable and stops it from heating up and disappearing. Air is a poor conductor of heat, exacerbating this effect and keeping Korolev crater permanently icy.”
from PetaPixel https://petapixel.com/2018/12/21/new-photos-show-water-ice-on-mars/
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